Tanggungjawab Hukum Praktik Mandiri Bidan dalam Pertolongan Persalinan Sebagai Upaya Penurunan AKI dan AKB di Wilayah Kabupaten Blora Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

Abstract

Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) di Indonesia masih tinggi meskipun berbagai program kesehatan telah diterapkan, termasuk di Kabupaten Blora, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya peran bidan dalam menurunkan AKI dan AKB melalui praktik mandiri yang aman dan berkualitas. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini meliputi: bagaimana pengaturan tanggung jawab hukum praktik mandiri bidan dalam pertolongan persalinan, bagaimana pelaksanaannya, dan apa saja hambatan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaannya.

Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis dengan metode deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam dan kuesioner kepada 12 bidan praktik mandiri di Kabupaten Blora. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar bidan memahami pentingnya pelatihan dan regulasi hukum, namun pelaksanaannya menghadapi tantangan seperti pengawasan yang kurang memadai, ketidaksesuaian regulasi dengan implementasi, serta keterbatasan fasilitas. Rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pentingnya layanan kesehatan ibu dan bayi juga menjadi kendala.

Abstract: The Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia are still high even though various health programs have been implemented, including in Blora Regency, Central Java. This study is motivated by the importance of the role of midwives in reducing MMR and IMR through safe and quality independent practices. The formulation of the problems raised in this study include: how to regulate the legal responsibility of midwives' independent practices in assisting with childbirth, how to implement them, and what obstacles are faced in their implementation.

The study used a sociological legal approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and questionnaires to 12 independent midwives in Blora Regency. The results showed that most midwives understood the importance of training and legal regulations, but their implementation faced challenges such as inadequate supervision, inconsistency of regulations with implementation, and limited facilities. Low public awareness of the importance of maternal and infant health services is also an obstacle.