RESILIENSI TERHADAP BENCANA BANJIR DAN TOPAN DI KOTA NAGA: PENDEKATAN BUDAYA SEBAGAI SOLUSI DESAIN

Angeline Susanto, Ridho Pawenang, Ike Kurniawati, Jody Adhitya, Ropi Darmansyah, Widiyani Widiyani

Abstract


Abstract

Natural disasters like floods and hurricanes happens often in Philippines, causing damage to public infrastructure and agricultural land. Naga City, a growing city in Philippines, is no exception. The disaster recovery process is often iterative and works top-down, so that the provided help is only temporary and inefficient. This lack of efficiency is caused by the non- involvement of the community during planning process. The problem can be solved by implementing cultural strategy and community involvement in recovery process to increase community resilience. The local spirit of mutual assistance, bayanihan, is widely spread throughout Naga City’s social culture. The Barangay Hall, a space that serves as administrative office and public space, is where the community gathers. The cultural potential of Naga City’s community is explored to design post-disaster facility. This study aims to find elements of local culture that can be applied in post-disaster building design. Through literature review, this study incorporates bayanihan culture and disaster-resilient building principles to propose a new type of Barangay Hall as a post-disaster facility. This study produced a Barangay Hall design that accommodates activities to improve community-building, providing safe place during emergency, and is independently self-supporting.

Keywords

Natural Disasters, Evacuation Center, Resilience, Philippines, Cultural approach


Abstrak

Filipina sering mengalami bencana alam, seperti banjir dan angin topan, yang mengakibatkan kerusakan pada infrastruktur publik dan lahan pertanian. Hal ini juga dialami oleh Kota Naga, kota yang sedang berkembang di Filipina. Proses pemulihan pascabencana seringkali dilakukan secara terpusat dan menggunakan pendekatan top-down, sehingga terkadang bantuan yang diberikan hanya beroperasi pada kurun waktu tertentu saja dan selanjutnya terbengkalai. Ketidakefisienan tersebut timbul akibat tidak adanya partisipasi masyarakat dalam proses pemulihan pascabecana. Pendekatan budaya yang melibatkan masyarakat pada proses pemulihan lebih ideal untuk mewujudkan resiliensi masyarakat. Di Kota Naga sendiri, masyarakat memiliki semangat gotong-royong yang kuat, yang disebut bayanihan. Budaya masyarakat tersebut tercermin dalam tipologi bangunan khas lokal, Barangay Hall, yang berfungsi sebagai kantor administrasi dan tempat kegiatan komunal. Pada studi ini, potensi budaya Kota Naga akan dieksplorasi untuk merancang fasilitas pascabencana berupa bangunan pusat evakuasi. Melalui kajian literatur, studi ini memasukkan budaya bayanihan dan prinsip-prinsip bangunan tanggap bencana untuk mengusulkan tipologi Barangay Hall yang baru sebagai fasilitas pascabencana.  Studi ini menghasilkan perancangan Barangay Hall yang mewadahi kegiatan komunitas untuk meningkatkan kerja sama masyarakat, memberikan tempat yang aman untuk berlindung saat evakuasi, serta mampu mendukung keberlanjutan bangunan dan lingkungan secara mandiri.


Keywords


Bencana Alam, Pusat Evakuasi; Resiliensi; Filipina; Pendekatan Budaya

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24167/tesa.v20i2.4591

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